This play is upsetting because you just cannot help but feel sorry for Macbeth. He was a man that just wanted to achieve greatness and become an admired and respected figure, but with the presence of negativity and ill-intentions he was steered in a completely wrong direction to lead him to that path.
Macbeth crossed the Rubicon and was way passed the point of no return and it is just unfortunate that a man with so much promise had to succumb to such pressures and misleading. With the right people Macbeth could have attained so much and became the man he had always imagined himself being.
Macbeth just demonstrated that no one is immune to making mistakes, regardless of the status they may have. Temptation and greed are silent killers and do not care what social group a person may fall into, but will strike no matter the circumstances.
Macbeth had no idea that his future would be so dire, even with the warnings from the three witches, which parallels people that disregard signs that forewarn them of the people that they have the possibility of becoming. In life, "battles are lost and won" and "fair is foul" but if you are unwilling to recognize the bad and evil that exists you could fall victim to such disasters.
It is important to be aware of those around you and claim to have your best interests and mind. This just shows that everything has a price and challenges how far you are willing to go to achieve your goals. What is important is to keep your integrity and sanity and to not fall to the pressures of life. There is always a snake waiting in the grass ready to bite an unsuspecting victim, however, through experience and time hopefully that snake will never get that opportunity to take that advantage.
Saturday, June 7, 2008
Macbeth-A Tragedy
This story epitomizes a tragedy because since the beginning of the play, Macbeth doubted killing Duncan and believed he was going against the natural order of nature. His wife instills within his mind that the only way he will be capable of reaching the thrown is if he kills the king, and by going along with his wife, he is going against his own nature.
Tragedies are so troubling because the main character is the type of person the audience grows to admire and like. Macbeth was a good man, that had good and noble intentions; but because of the influence of stronger and more evil powers, he succumbed to the pressure of it all. Ambition was Macbeth's downfall; he is a tragic character because he rose so high to drop so far down into the perils of success. Ambition tested how far Macbeth was willing to go to attain the power his wife was seeking for him.
Macbeth was brave, had an honorable name, was courageous in battle, and adored by his peers. He was on the rise to greatness, and due to the temptation of success and power, he lost sight of all that was important. Everything was instructing him that this plan created by Lady Macbeth was horrible and not worth going through with; he had been receiving good fortune without having to murder.
However, through the manipulation of Lady Macbeth, Macbeth fell victim to his own ambition was an ideal person to mold after for a tragic character.
Tragedies show that despite how high someone may rise, one fatal mistake can cause them to fall crashing down; and it does not always mean that this tragic character was always a bad and immoral person, but instead weak in regards to the power of suggestion and persuasion.
Tragedies are so troubling because the main character is the type of person the audience grows to admire and like. Macbeth was a good man, that had good and noble intentions; but because of the influence of stronger and more evil powers, he succumbed to the pressure of it all. Ambition was Macbeth's downfall; he is a tragic character because he rose so high to drop so far down into the perils of success. Ambition tested how far Macbeth was willing to go to attain the power his wife was seeking for him.
Macbeth was brave, had an honorable name, was courageous in battle, and adored by his peers. He was on the rise to greatness, and due to the temptation of success and power, he lost sight of all that was important. Everything was instructing him that this plan created by Lady Macbeth was horrible and not worth going through with; he had been receiving good fortune without having to murder.
However, through the manipulation of Lady Macbeth, Macbeth fell victim to his own ambition was an ideal person to mold after for a tragic character.
Tragedies show that despite how high someone may rise, one fatal mistake can cause them to fall crashing down; and it does not always mean that this tragic character was always a bad and immoral person, but instead weak in regards to the power of suggestion and persuasion.
Macbeth-Passage Analysis
In the first Act in scene five, there is an important passage that displayed the importance of gender roles and the reversal of them. Lady Macbeth initiates the switch and she sets the tone that will occur between the relationship with her and her husband.
Lady Macbeth is worried and aprehensive of whether or not Macbeth will be capable of killing Duncan to attain his ambition to the throne. She takes on the role of being the dominant and authoritative figure while her husband possesses the traits of the woman, feeling fear, guilt and second thoughts on carrying out the plan. Macbeth withholds the actual compassion out of the two, a quality associated with women. Lady Macbeth has no remorse for her plans or actions, she believes that the means justify the ends; whereas Macbeth cannot hide his emotions and empathy for others.
In the line "unsex me here" it blatently states that Lady Macbeth wants the brutal instincts and capabilities of a man so she can execute the "direst cruelty." She wants her husband to "look like the innocent flower" to deceit Duncan and wants Macbeth to "leave all rest to me." Lady Macbeth is taking ultimate control of the situation, showing her inner dominance and ridding herself of feminine weakness.
Comparing her husband to an "innocent flower" shows how much she disregards his presence and significance in the relationship. She whole heartedly believes that she is the prominant person in the marriage and that without her, nothing would get accomplished because Macbeth does not possess the qualities of a true leader.
Lady Macbeth wants the responsiblity of managing everything; she thrives on having power over others and determing the fate of those around her. She believes in herself and is does not possess insecurity despite the fact that she is a woman, when woman held little power. Macbeth is overpowered by Lady Macbeth's qualities and because of that he begins to fade and all that he once stood for is cast aside for fear of his wife's wrath and not living up to the standard of society as being the head of the household.
Lady Macbeth is worried and aprehensive of whether or not Macbeth will be capable of killing Duncan to attain his ambition to the throne. She takes on the role of being the dominant and authoritative figure while her husband possesses the traits of the woman, feeling fear, guilt and second thoughts on carrying out the plan. Macbeth withholds the actual compassion out of the two, a quality associated with women. Lady Macbeth has no remorse for her plans or actions, she believes that the means justify the ends; whereas Macbeth cannot hide his emotions and empathy for others.
In the line "unsex me here" it blatently states that Lady Macbeth wants the brutal instincts and capabilities of a man so she can execute the "direst cruelty." She wants her husband to "look like the innocent flower" to deceit Duncan and wants Macbeth to "leave all rest to me." Lady Macbeth is taking ultimate control of the situation, showing her inner dominance and ridding herself of feminine weakness.
Comparing her husband to an "innocent flower" shows how much she disregards his presence and significance in the relationship. She whole heartedly believes that she is the prominant person in the marriage and that without her, nothing would get accomplished because Macbeth does not possess the qualities of a true leader.
Lady Macbeth wants the responsiblity of managing everything; she thrives on having power over others and determing the fate of those around her. She believes in herself and is does not possess insecurity despite the fact that she is a woman, when woman held little power. Macbeth is overpowered by Lady Macbeth's qualities and because of that he begins to fade and all that he once stood for is cast aside for fear of his wife's wrath and not living up to the standard of society as being the head of the household.
Taming of the Shrew-Reflection
I think it is pretty amazing that Shakespeare's plays are still being used in today's society. It is refreshing to know that brilliant writing will not go unnoticed or under appreciated by any generation; his works are being adapted to fit with the times (10 Things I Hate About You one of the funniest movies).
Even though the play's themes were disturbing because of its degrading reference to women, it can also be viewed as a good thing, because it finally shed light on the troubling matter.
However, sometimes the writing was downright confusing because there were so many characters involved and they were disguised and lying about their backgrounds that it forced its readers to pay close attention to the details. This was the type of play that definitely needed to be seen and not read because there were so many characters and stories occurring that you could get lost in the mix of it all, but if it were laid out in front of you, clearly outlining which character was which, it would be easier to comprehend.
Personally, I like the revamped version of 10 Things I Hate About You because although Heath Ledger's character, Patrick, wanted to tame Kat, he did not deliberately try and force her to become someone different. He wanted her to become just a better person overall. He wanted her to see the good in others and the good in life instead of always looking for the negative. However, in The Taming of the Shrew Petruchio wanted to change her because she was not the ideal woman; whereas in the movie, Patrick did not want her to change to be a better woman, but a better person. Once he saw the beauty in her, he did not want to change those imperfections because that made her, her.
It is pretty amazing how Shakespeare's writing can transcend into modern times and mold into what is now deemed as acceptable or inappropriate.
Even though the play's themes were disturbing because of its degrading reference to women, it can also be viewed as a good thing, because it finally shed light on the troubling matter.
However, sometimes the writing was downright confusing because there were so many characters involved and they were disguised and lying about their backgrounds that it forced its readers to pay close attention to the details. This was the type of play that definitely needed to be seen and not read because there were so many characters and stories occurring that you could get lost in the mix of it all, but if it were laid out in front of you, clearly outlining which character was which, it would be easier to comprehend.
Personally, I like the revamped version of 10 Things I Hate About You because although Heath Ledger's character, Patrick, wanted to tame Kat, he did not deliberately try and force her to become someone different. He wanted her to become just a better person overall. He wanted her to see the good in others and the good in life instead of always looking for the negative. However, in The Taming of the Shrew Petruchio wanted to change her because she was not the ideal woman; whereas in the movie, Patrick did not want her to change to be a better woman, but a better person. Once he saw the beauty in her, he did not want to change those imperfections because that made her, her.
It is pretty amazing how Shakespeare's writing can transcend into modern times and mold into what is now deemed as acceptable or inappropriate.
Taming of the Shrew- a Comedy
Comedies, on the surface, seem as though they are only about making the audience laugh and enjoy themselves for that brief time of entertainment; however, they are also about bringing to light some of society's issues or tendencies. However, comedies are capable of focusing on a message in a roundabout way so that the audience is still laughing and pleased, yet they are questioning their own lifestyles and motives once the play is finished.
Shakespeare's comedies like The Taming of the Shrew and A Midsummer Night's Dream revolve around confusion and misunderstanding, resulting in countless laughs because the only people that are aware of all the mishaps and misfortunes is the audience. The characters in the play are oblivious to everything that is going awry; however, the audience members see the train wreck unfold scene by scene. Shakespeare's comedies have premises that could be tragedies, but the way in which he tells the story it is hilarious and in good fun. He focuses on dreamlike states of the mind, finding comedy in any situation, and the beauty in resolving problems in the simplest ways.
These plays are meant to be seen, not only read, because Shakespeare's plays are about subtlety. His humor focuses on facial expressions, delivery and physical comedy. His brilliance is in not only being capable of making his audience laugh, but forcing his audience to think, reflect and question their own patterns of living and viewing the world and others surrounding them.
The Taming of the Shrew concentrated on societal norms, as well as, gender roles. Shakespeare was able to take two very serious topics and create a story that was not too overbearing or abrasive, but instead, light, witty and charming. Even though his topic may be questionable, it was brilliantly written and was wonderfully executed to meet its criteria for its genre. Comedies are difficult because everyone has a different style of humor, but Shakespeare did not let boundaries of any kind obstruct his path and his stories and messages were able to reach a broader audience because of it.
Shakespeare's comedies like The Taming of the Shrew and A Midsummer Night's Dream revolve around confusion and misunderstanding, resulting in countless laughs because the only people that are aware of all the mishaps and misfortunes is the audience. The characters in the play are oblivious to everything that is going awry; however, the audience members see the train wreck unfold scene by scene. Shakespeare's comedies have premises that could be tragedies, but the way in which he tells the story it is hilarious and in good fun. He focuses on dreamlike states of the mind, finding comedy in any situation, and the beauty in resolving problems in the simplest ways.
These plays are meant to be seen, not only read, because Shakespeare's plays are about subtlety. His humor focuses on facial expressions, delivery and physical comedy. His brilliance is in not only being capable of making his audience laugh, but forcing his audience to think, reflect and question their own patterns of living and viewing the world and others surrounding them.
The Taming of the Shrew concentrated on societal norms, as well as, gender roles. Shakespeare was able to take two very serious topics and create a story that was not too overbearing or abrasive, but instead, light, witty and charming. Even though his topic may be questionable, it was brilliantly written and was wonderfully executed to meet its criteria for its genre. Comedies are difficult because everyone has a different style of humor, but Shakespeare did not let boundaries of any kind obstruct his path and his stories and messages were able to reach a broader audience because of it.
Taming of the Shrew-Passage Analysis
Petruchio is desperately trying to break Kate and have her conform to society's standards of what a woman and wife should be; and, the scene where Katherine and Petruchio are riding into town and he is trying to convince her the bright sun they see is actually the moon is humorous but also alarming.
At first, Katherine argues with Petruchio; making her claim that the reason it is difficult to see into the horizon is because of the brilliant sun, but then Petruchio counters with the moon being the cause for their blindness. Petruchio is unrelenting with his claim, and does not withdraw his statements even when she attempts at making an argument. He belittles her, is condescending, and does not allow her to finish her thoughts because of his reiteration of the moon being present.
Petruchio's stubbornness is comical because he is mirroring the way in which Kate would act; she had the tendency to take the opposite stance regarding issues just to be difficult with her peers, especially men. Petruchio follows Kate's lead and eventually Kate surrenders and calls the sun the moon, which causes Petruchio to recant his original statement and he decides that the moon is actually the sun and Katherine is a liar.
Katherine is being broken by Petruchio and although the scene is quite funny with the way in which Shakespeare writes it-it's witty and quick-its message is anything but endearing. This man's only goal is to suppress this woman's wild and free spirit so she becomes an obeying and obedient housewife. He is not interested in the well-being of her, he is motivated by the idea of conquering her and being the one man that was capable of changing her.
Petruchio never physically abuses Katherine, but mentally she is affected by his methods. During Shakespeare's era it was acceptable for men to abuse their wives, it was the man's responsibility to keep his woman in line, so Petruchio's actions are not deemed inappropriate because he is fulfilling his role in society.
A person trying to change someone to make them better in the long run is respectable, but trying to change someone so they can meet the criteria for conforming within society is discouraging. I'm not saying all of Kate's traits were of the highest standards, or that Petruchio was the root of all evil, but the idea that a woman has to change because she does not fit the mold of what is acceptable is ridiculous.
At first, Katherine argues with Petruchio; making her claim that the reason it is difficult to see into the horizon is because of the brilliant sun, but then Petruchio counters with the moon being the cause for their blindness. Petruchio is unrelenting with his claim, and does not withdraw his statements even when she attempts at making an argument. He belittles her, is condescending, and does not allow her to finish her thoughts because of his reiteration of the moon being present.
Petruchio's stubbornness is comical because he is mirroring the way in which Kate would act; she had the tendency to take the opposite stance regarding issues just to be difficult with her peers, especially men. Petruchio follows Kate's lead and eventually Kate surrenders and calls the sun the moon, which causes Petruchio to recant his original statement and he decides that the moon is actually the sun and Katherine is a liar.
Katherine is being broken by Petruchio and although the scene is quite funny with the way in which Shakespeare writes it-it's witty and quick-its message is anything but endearing. This man's only goal is to suppress this woman's wild and free spirit so she becomes an obeying and obedient housewife. He is not interested in the well-being of her, he is motivated by the idea of conquering her and being the one man that was capable of changing her.
Petruchio never physically abuses Katherine, but mentally she is affected by his methods. During Shakespeare's era it was acceptable for men to abuse their wives, it was the man's responsibility to keep his woman in line, so Petruchio's actions are not deemed inappropriate because he is fulfilling his role in society.
A person trying to change someone to make them better in the long run is respectable, but trying to change someone so they can meet the criteria for conforming within society is discouraging. I'm not saying all of Kate's traits were of the highest standards, or that Petruchio was the root of all evil, but the idea that a woman has to change because she does not fit the mold of what is acceptable is ridiculous.
Thursday, June 5, 2008
Richard the III - a history
Shakespeare was capable of writing for the masses, and he was able to take history and create a play for average and elite people alike to relate to and understand. I personally, love learning about history and the story behind great and powerful figures. Richard the III focused on Richard the man, as well as, Richard the ruler.
This play could not just be a fabrication to appeal to the audience because Shakespeare had to be conscious of his genre, and he did not want to mislead his viewers regarding historical content. Although Shakespeare did have literary license to adjust his story to make it as entertaining as possible, he was well aware that he was not just creating a dramatic play of his own, but instead, retelling the tale of the horrible reign of King Richard III.
The writing reflected Shakespeare's attempts to keep the play as accurate as possible; giving speeches to the public, and having conversations and writing from the common people portrayed the relationship between the ruler and state. It was important to represent the feelings and emotions of the regular citizens that Richard was affecting because his role as leader was detrimental to their well-being. There had to be a direct link from Richard's actions to his governed people.
Shakespeare was also making the statement, although, these civilians may be uneducated and under-valued, they are absorbent and aware of ill-behavior. The common townspeople were able to identify Richard's ill-intentions before the revered noblemen were capable of recognizing his evil agenda. Shakespeare was demonstrating that the elite can be easily fooled and although they look down on these meager people, they are not as easily persuaded by powerful names and enticizing status.
This genre of writing is interesting because it must pay attention to the overall affect a ruler has to its people, and as entertaining as the play may be, it is an important story that needs to be told so such actions can be recognized in the future and dramatic events do not have to be suffered. Shakespeare was capable of reaching countless lives, and through his ingenious work, he was able to educate those while entertaining them in the process.
This play could not just be a fabrication to appeal to the audience because Shakespeare had to be conscious of his genre, and he did not want to mislead his viewers regarding historical content. Although Shakespeare did have literary license to adjust his story to make it as entertaining as possible, he was well aware that he was not just creating a dramatic play of his own, but instead, retelling the tale of the horrible reign of King Richard III.
The writing reflected Shakespeare's attempts to keep the play as accurate as possible; giving speeches to the public, and having conversations and writing from the common people portrayed the relationship between the ruler and state. It was important to represent the feelings and emotions of the regular citizens that Richard was affecting because his role as leader was detrimental to their well-being. There had to be a direct link from Richard's actions to his governed people.
Shakespeare was also making the statement, although, these civilians may be uneducated and under-valued, they are absorbent and aware of ill-behavior. The common townspeople were able to identify Richard's ill-intentions before the revered noblemen were capable of recognizing his evil agenda. Shakespeare was demonstrating that the elite can be easily fooled and although they look down on these meager people, they are not as easily persuaded by powerful names and enticizing status.
This genre of writing is interesting because it must pay attention to the overall affect a ruler has to its people, and as entertaining as the play may be, it is an important story that needs to be told so such actions can be recognized in the future and dramatic events do not have to be suffered. Shakespeare was capable of reaching countless lives, and through his ingenious work, he was able to educate those while entertaining them in the process.
Wednesday, June 4, 2008
Richard the III - Personal Reflection
Richard is the type of character that makes his audience uncomfortable. He epitomizes all that is horrible and is personified in human form. He kills his brother, murders his wife, manipulates his niece into marriage, and the most vile and disturbing act of all, he was the soul that organized the slaughtering of two innocent children. The scariest aspect of all these atrocious events is that Richard is never the one doing the actual killing; he is the mastermind behind every evil and disgusting plan.
Richard's hands are soaked in sin from his dirty deeds, but he is not guilty of carrying out of the murders; he was not even around when the actual murders were transpiring. The fact that he was capable of persuading enough people to go along with his maniacal plans is incredibly unsettling. The people Richard would hire to carry out his wishes were well aware of his evil interior and his motives; however, due to their own selfish greed or self preservation, they would cooperate with Richard for fear of what he do to them and their family if he found out that they held a guilty conscious and were unable to fulfill their duty.
When people would turn against Richard and object to his requests, he would have them terminated; regardless of their status and role in society. Buckingham was with him almost the entire way to his quest to kingship, but once he rejected Richard's plans, Richard had him eradicated, along with the rest. He was not going to allow any single person to interfere with his aspirations, and murder and death were not matters of concern to him, as long as he was the one determining who would be decimated; his life and his ambitions were the top priority.
Even civilians were capable of recognizing that Richard was up to no good and was starting to make trouble in the neighborhood and it was not just one little fight where his mom got scared and sent him to live with his auntie and uncle in bel-air; but instead his desire to destruct London to become king was overwhelming and extremely evident to the most simple minded townsfolk. Evil triumphs when good people do nothing, and that is what occurred during Richard the III. They were warned by Lady Margaret that he was nothing but pure evil, but they decided to cast her off as a bewildered mad woman. Then when they would finally realize that Margaret's words were true, it was always too late and Richard would win yet another battle.
Ambition and power are tempting aspects; however, how far is one man willing to go to attain them; and how come it took such a long time for people to stand together and make a change when they knew what was happening was wrong?
Richard's hands are soaked in sin from his dirty deeds, but he is not guilty of carrying out of the murders; he was not even around when the actual murders were transpiring. The fact that he was capable of persuading enough people to go along with his maniacal plans is incredibly unsettling. The people Richard would hire to carry out his wishes were well aware of his evil interior and his motives; however, due to their own selfish greed or self preservation, they would cooperate with Richard for fear of what he do to them and their family if he found out that they held a guilty conscious and were unable to fulfill their duty.
When people would turn against Richard and object to his requests, he would have them terminated; regardless of their status and role in society. Buckingham was with him almost the entire way to his quest to kingship, but once he rejected Richard's plans, Richard had him eradicated, along with the rest. He was not going to allow any single person to interfere with his aspirations, and murder and death were not matters of concern to him, as long as he was the one determining who would be decimated; his life and his ambitions were the top priority.
Even civilians were capable of recognizing that Richard was up to no good and was starting to make trouble in the neighborhood and it was not just one little fight where his mom got scared and sent him to live with his auntie and uncle in bel-air; but instead his desire to destruct London to become king was overwhelming and extremely evident to the most simple minded townsfolk. Evil triumphs when good people do nothing, and that is what occurred during Richard the III. They were warned by Lady Margaret that he was nothing but pure evil, but they decided to cast her off as a bewildered mad woman. Then when they would finally realize that Margaret's words were true, it was always too late and Richard would win yet another battle.
Ambition and power are tempting aspects; however, how far is one man willing to go to attain them; and how come it took such a long time for people to stand together and make a change when they knew what was happening was wrong?
Wednesday, May 21, 2008
Richard III -Analysis
Richard the III immediately takes on the role of the ultimate villain. In the opening scene in Act 1, he expresses his desire to be enveloped by this evil-to have his entire soul and body overwhelmed with the ugliness of it, and he is able to personify evil by his devious traits and manipulative manner.
Richard is cunning and is aware that in order to achieve his aspirations of becoming king, his most vile side of his personality must be hidden from upper society. He wants to appear as though his inner goals are not to be named king; he tangles them in his lies and uses his deformities to evoke pity and compassion. He places guilt upon those that accuse him of evil intentions-using his physical deformities to his benefit and that accusing a man with so little to live for in life is degrading.
There are two tones prevalent in his speech. Richard is reflecting on society as a whole, as well as, himself. War has ended and he wants the battles to rage on. While the countryside is rejoicing due to the peace they are experiencing, Richard is furious with this new found prosperity. The happiness and joy of others only highlights his own self-loathing. He is incapable of focusing on the positive in his life, and he is the cause of his own misery. Richard's mentality and actions are the reasons as to why he is unable to find a woman that is capable of fully loving him without having to be manipulated into it. He allows his physical deformities to plague him internally.
The repetition of the word "I" concentrates on his bitterness and building anger. He is unable to sympathize with anyone; countless people were killed and lives were ruined during the brutal wartime, and he is brewing new and horrible ways in which he can create his own havoc to generate the destruction that occurred during war.
Richard is fully aware of his desire to be evil. He is not manipulated by higher sources or greater powers; he is acting upon free will. He longs for these menacing feelings and thoughts to "dive" deeper into his soul so he is truly capable of embracing these villian-like qualities and become overtaken by the root of all evil. Richard is conscious of the fact that in order to attain such desires, he must be coy and not allow his superiors to see his true face.
Richard is cunning and is aware that in order to achieve his aspirations of becoming king, his most vile side of his personality must be hidden from upper society. He wants to appear as though his inner goals are not to be named king; he tangles them in his lies and uses his deformities to evoke pity and compassion. He places guilt upon those that accuse him of evil intentions-using his physical deformities to his benefit and that accusing a man with so little to live for in life is degrading.
There are two tones prevalent in his speech. Richard is reflecting on society as a whole, as well as, himself. War has ended and he wants the battles to rage on. While the countryside is rejoicing due to the peace they are experiencing, Richard is furious with this new found prosperity. The happiness and joy of others only highlights his own self-loathing. He is incapable of focusing on the positive in his life, and he is the cause of his own misery. Richard's mentality and actions are the reasons as to why he is unable to find a woman that is capable of fully loving him without having to be manipulated into it. He allows his physical deformities to plague him internally.
The repetition of the word "I" concentrates on his bitterness and building anger. He is unable to sympathize with anyone; countless people were killed and lives were ruined during the brutal wartime, and he is brewing new and horrible ways in which he can create his own havoc to generate the destruction that occurred during war.
Richard is fully aware of his desire to be evil. He is not manipulated by higher sources or greater powers; he is acting upon free will. He longs for these menacing feelings and thoughts to "dive" deeper into his soul so he is truly capable of embracing these villian-like qualities and become overtaken by the root of all evil. Richard is conscious of the fact that in order to attain such desires, he must be coy and not allow his superiors to see his true face.
Sunday, March 30, 2008
Nikki-Rosa (293) Analysis
Nikki-Rosa is a matured black woman who is reminiscing on her childhood. She identifies that not many people are going to understand that the poverty did not worry her or "no inside toilet" (4) but the fact that "white biographers" are not going to capture the essence of her childhood and the happiness that she felt while "living in Woodlawn" (3).
There is no prevalent rhyme in this poem; it is more of an ongoing thought, something that has been building up inside of her for years and she is suddenly able to exhale and get every last word out before she loses it.
"Nikki-Rosa" has a soulful style to it, breaking into shorter and longer sentences that make it have smooth manner and almost give it a beat in the reader's head.
Nikki Giovanni did an amazing job letting readers see another side of being poor and a minority, that it is not this insurmountable hardship, but it is full of plenty of happiness. And if you look anywhere long enough, you will be capable of seeing that beauty.
There is no prevalent rhyme in this poem; it is more of an ongoing thought, something that has been building up inside of her for years and she is suddenly able to exhale and get every last word out before she loses it.
"Nikki-Rosa" has a soulful style to it, breaking into shorter and longer sentences that make it have smooth manner and almost give it a beat in the reader's head.
Nikki Giovanni did an amazing job letting readers see another side of being poor and a minority, that it is not this insurmountable hardship, but it is full of plenty of happiness. And if you look anywhere long enough, you will be capable of seeing that beauty.
Nikki-Rosa (293) Devices
The only word that is capitalized throughout the entire poem is the word Black. This shows the pride she possesses regarding her heritage. She is not going to let anything bring her down, and she will not be embarrassed for the color of her skin or feel inferior because of the way God created her and her family. She is proud of the way she looks and the life she led, and if anyone has a problem with her being Black she will bravely defy them.
Also, the only punctuation found in the poem is the period found at the very end. It seems like this was just run-on thought, a continuation of pent-up frustration and annoyance at the common arrogance of society. "childhood remembrances are always a drag...all the while I was quite happy" (1 & 27) the first and last lines of the poem connect flawlessly together; I think this was done intentionally to show that everything is connected and comes full circle. That maybe at one point in Nikki-Rosa's life she was upset with being handed the short end of the stick, but through time she realized how lucky she was to have the life and love she experienced. No one will understand her and her family, but that does not matter because they do; all the difficulties she faced-the poverty, the alcoholism-none of it mattered because it molded her into the person she is, and through it all, " everybody is together and you and your sister have happy birthdays and very good christmasses" (22-23).
Also, the only punctuation found in the poem is the period found at the very end. It seems like this was just run-on thought, a continuation of pent-up frustration and annoyance at the common arrogance of society. "childhood remembrances are always a drag...all the while I was quite happy" (1 & 27) the first and last lines of the poem connect flawlessly together; I think this was done intentionally to show that everything is connected and comes full circle. That maybe at one point in Nikki-Rosa's life she was upset with being handed the short end of the stick, but through time she realized how lucky she was to have the life and love she experienced. No one will understand her and her family, but that does not matter because they do; all the difficulties she faced-the poverty, the alcoholism-none of it mattered because it molded her into the person she is, and through it all, " everybody is together and you and your sister have happy birthdays and very good christmasses" (22-23).
Niki-Rosa (p. 293) Reflection
This deals with the life of a black girl growing up and how she can never be understood by those that have had a privileged life because, in their view of her, no one with so little could possess so much.
She gives the impression that she has some hostility toward white people, in general, which is understandable because in the time period in which she grew up there was much more racism and prejudice. Seeing the hardships her own family, herself and her parents had to endure, made her more cynical of the world, and rightfully so.
She is not afraid to tell the audience of everything she did not have, but she is just as proud to share all that her family was blessed enough to be given "Black love is Black wealth" (24).
Nikki-Rosa feels that if she had become a person that was famous and well-known they would be too preoccupied with describing her hardships, instead of revealing all the happiness she had in her life. This was the way that she grew up, that was the lifestyle that she was familar with, so to her and her family it was not bad, it was just another day in the Nikki-Rosa household.
Even though this focuses on a young black girl, I think it is easy to relate to because it emphasizes the strong ties of family and that unbreakable bond that is shared. It crosses color barriers because any family that does not come from much is able to identify with the concept that life is what you make of it.
Nikki-Rosa does not want to waste her time concentrating on all that could have been and all that she could have had had she been a different color or if her family had been different. Instead, she is happy to have had the family and life she was born into, and all she wants is for outsiders to recognize this fortune of hers as well.
She gives the impression that she has some hostility toward white people, in general, which is understandable because in the time period in which she grew up there was much more racism and prejudice. Seeing the hardships her own family, herself and her parents had to endure, made her more cynical of the world, and rightfully so.
She is not afraid to tell the audience of everything she did not have, but she is just as proud to share all that her family was blessed enough to be given "Black love is Black wealth" (24).
Nikki-Rosa feels that if she had become a person that was famous and well-known they would be too preoccupied with describing her hardships, instead of revealing all the happiness she had in her life. This was the way that she grew up, that was the lifestyle that she was familar with, so to her and her family it was not bad, it was just another day in the Nikki-Rosa household.
Even though this focuses on a young black girl, I think it is easy to relate to because it emphasizes the strong ties of family and that unbreakable bond that is shared. It crosses color barriers because any family that does not come from much is able to identify with the concept that life is what you make of it.
Nikki-Rosa does not want to waste her time concentrating on all that could have been and all that she could have had had she been a different color or if her family had been different. Instead, she is happy to have had the family and life she was born into, and all she wants is for outsiders to recognize this fortune of hers as well.
Money (279) Analysis
The speaker appears to be a man that has seen or has experienced for himself the negative power of money. He wants the readers to realize that in the end the money will win "There will be no pain/ but in thirty seconds/ the poison will reach your heart" (27-29).
He keeps his sentences and stanzas short, direct and straight to the point. There are periods at the end of each stanza, finishing a thought, but within that stanza it is a gentle flow describing each stage that the money encounters. Originating from a tamed beast, to a nesting creature, to a friendly play boy, a regenerating organism, an attention seeking plant, then finally showing its true venomous teeth.
I like how it is not drawn out, but Contoski uses images and language that any reader can connect with. He uses the title to show his main focus, but he never has to reuse that word, yet the reader is still capable of fully understanding his ultimate message and idea of the poem. To be able to write an entire poem on a single matter and not even have to use that word to explain it, takes an immense amount of talent and just an universal understanding on the subject he is referring to.
He keeps his sentences and stanzas short, direct and straight to the point. There are periods at the end of each stanza, finishing a thought, but within that stanza it is a gentle flow describing each stage that the money encounters. Originating from a tamed beast, to a nesting creature, to a friendly play boy, a regenerating organism, an attention seeking plant, then finally showing its true venomous teeth.
I like how it is not drawn out, but Contoski uses images and language that any reader can connect with. He uses the title to show his main focus, but he never has to reuse that word, yet the reader is still capable of fully understanding his ultimate message and idea of the poem. To be able to write an entire poem on a single matter and not even have to use that word to explain it, takes an immense amount of talent and just an universal understanding on the subject he is referring to.
Money (279) Devices
Contoski uses personification to show the power and influence of money. The only time the word money is mentioned is in the title. Since the first stanza, Contoski references money as "it." The money takes on the role of a wild animal, that an owner believes can be controlled, but with time, its real and dangerous nature will shine through, "At first it will seem tame/ willing to be domesticated" (1-2) that it is willing to change for a short period of time but it will resort to its instinctive ways.
In addition to the personification, the diction is provoking because these are not words normally associated with money; "nest in your pocket" opposed to folded in your wallet, nested is similar to having a home, having deeper connection with the owner of the money. "Like a dog and lick/ the legs of women" (10-11) shows the idea of seduction, how sex and money tend to go hand in hand. It is not written in a vulgar manner, but it seems as though that is the hidden meaning behind the line; that different kinds of women become attracted to the presence of money and certain men become more attractive to those types of women. "Water it every three days" (18) taking on the role of being attended and cared for, that without nurturing it will not grow and prosper. Watering it will make it multiply and bring more happiness to the proprietor of the money. "Bite" (25) displays the negative and ill-temperateness of money, that no matter how tried they try, it will always have the upper hand.
In addition to the personification, the diction is provoking because these are not words normally associated with money; "nest in your pocket" opposed to folded in your wallet, nested is similar to having a home, having deeper connection with the owner of the money. "Like a dog and lick/ the legs of women" (10-11) shows the idea of seduction, how sex and money tend to go hand in hand. It is not written in a vulgar manner, but it seems as though that is the hidden meaning behind the line; that different kinds of women become attracted to the presence of money and certain men become more attractive to those types of women. "Water it every three days" (18) taking on the role of being attended and cared for, that without nurturing it will not grow and prosper. Watering it will make it multiply and bring more happiness to the proprietor of the money. "Bite" (25) displays the negative and ill-temperateness of money, that no matter how tried they try, it will always have the upper hand.
Money (p. 279) Reflection
"Money" begins innocently, that having a little bit of it will bring no harm to the holder and those surrounding him. Each stanza explaining a new property and trait that money will possess the longer it is kept, and the longer the money is kept, the more importance it has the holder because no longer is money just currency to pay for the necessities of life, but instead it becomes the reason to live.
The idea of having money and maintaining it becomes increasingly important and each line takes on a new persona of importance, and that money is steadily taking over the existence of the owner. However, the entire time the possessor of the money believes that they are in control, when in reality, the money has had the power, "Then one day when you think/ you are its master/ it will turn its head/ as if for a kiss/ and bite you gently/ on the hand" (21-26).
People become obsessed with material things that they forget how to appreciate the small things in life. Every person has selfish tendencies, it is human nature to think about yourself, there is nothing wrong with putting yourself first at times; however, when you become so wrapped up in yourself and what you can get out of people that is when it becomes a problem. Money appears to be a wonderful thing because you think it will solve all your problems, when money just enhances the all ready existing dilemmas.
It is not that money is always bad. Money can bring about goodness, however, goodness is capable of coming about through money when the intentions are noble. Victor Contoski is just stating that this "disease" and addiction does not care what race, gender or religion the beholder may be, greed can rot any person to the core. Greed is a silent killer that is capable of tearing friends and families apart and changing the owner for the worse without having them ever realize their drastic transformation.
Wealth can be found in so many other things opposed to the object of money; wealth is found in good health, happy families and just being lucky to be breathing.
The idea of having money and maintaining it becomes increasingly important and each line takes on a new persona of importance, and that money is steadily taking over the existence of the owner. However, the entire time the possessor of the money believes that they are in control, when in reality, the money has had the power, "Then one day when you think/ you are its master/ it will turn its head/ as if for a kiss/ and bite you gently/ on the hand" (21-26).
People become obsessed with material things that they forget how to appreciate the small things in life. Every person has selfish tendencies, it is human nature to think about yourself, there is nothing wrong with putting yourself first at times; however, when you become so wrapped up in yourself and what you can get out of people that is when it becomes a problem. Money appears to be a wonderful thing because you think it will solve all your problems, when money just enhances the all ready existing dilemmas.
It is not that money is always bad. Money can bring about goodness, however, goodness is capable of coming about through money when the intentions are noble. Victor Contoski is just stating that this "disease" and addiction does not care what race, gender or religion the beholder may be, greed can rot any person to the core. Greed is a silent killer that is capable of tearing friends and families apart and changing the owner for the worse without having them ever realize their drastic transformation.
Wealth can be found in so many other things opposed to the object of money; wealth is found in good health, happy families and just being lucky to be breathing.
If thou must love me (276) Analysis
The speaker seems to be an older woman who has experienced life. A young girl does not know the depth of love and would be overjoyed with a man she is interested in being attracted to her smile and overall grace; however, a woman that has more experience under her belt, dealing with life, peers, society and men, knows what she wants a guy to be interested in, and knows that all those little things that they may find appealing are not going to make love real. She recognizes these qualities may be endearing, however, love is more powerful than that.
Browning's poem does rhyme throughout with an ab pattern "Except for love's sake only. Do not say/ "I love her for her smile - her look - her way"" (2-3). The manner in which it is written, reminds the reader of love because it is lyrical and flows from line to line. When someone thinks of love, they normally think of beauty and a steady course to follow and Browning does that with her writing. The language is older and makes the reader think of classic love, when it was more sacred and special to share.
Love should be shared between people that genuinely care for one another, and for no other reason. The time period in which it was written shows her desire to partake in this untainted love.
Browning's poem does rhyme throughout with an ab pattern "Except for love's sake only. Do not say/ "I love her for her smile - her look - her way"" (2-3). The manner in which it is written, reminds the reader of love because it is lyrical and flows from line to line. When someone thinks of love, they normally think of beauty and a steady course to follow and Browning does that with her writing. The language is older and makes the reader think of classic love, when it was more sacred and special to share.
Love should be shared between people that genuinely care for one another, and for no other reason. The time period in which it was written shows her desire to partake in this untainted love.
If thou must love me (276) Devices
Browning uses repetition with the words "to love me." She really wants the reader to recognize her aspiration is to truly be loved, not infatuated with, or lusted after, but to experience the purity of love. Love is a special and rare thing to come by, and she does not want her message to be mistaken for being wanted or admired, but instead to be held preciously in the heart of her significant other.
The author also uses a dash ( - ) throughout the poem. I think this portrays her sudden bursts of inspiration, like as she is writing another idea pops into her head and she has to capture that moment and thought. She feels so strongly on the subject of love, that she has an abundance of examples of what she desperately wants out of a relationship and what she could not bear to endure.
Browning is aware of how much she has to offer and she does not want that to go unnoticed, however, she does not want to be loved for the wrong reasons, or be under the impression that what they feel is love, when they are really mistaken. These devices just add to the poem because it emphasizes her message of love and her desire to experience true love, but her strong will not to sacrifice and settle for what society believes is the right thing to do.
The author also uses a dash ( - ) throughout the poem. I think this portrays her sudden bursts of inspiration, like as she is writing another idea pops into her head and she has to capture that moment and thought. She feels so strongly on the subject of love, that she has an abundance of examples of what she desperately wants out of a relationship and what she could not bear to endure.
Browning is aware of how much she has to offer and she does not want that to go unnoticed, however, she does not want to be loved for the wrong reasons, or be under the impression that what they feel is love, when they are really mistaken. These devices just add to the poem because it emphasizes her message of love and her desire to experience true love, but her strong will not to sacrifice and settle for what society believes is the right thing to do.
If thou must love me (p. 276) Reflection
Elizabeth Barrett Browning's poem is striking because it is so straightforward. She is a woman that does not want her heart played with, and would rather the man be upfront on his feelings than trying to appease her with fluffy compliments. Although every woman has the desire of being adored, she wants his attention for "love's sake only" (2). Appreciating her smile, or laugh, her tone of voice, or her overall look is of little importance to her because she knows those qualities are capable of changing or fading away. She wants the man that is interested with her to love her out of love, because love is able to last for eternity if it is real.
Browning does not describe love, like the feeling she expects him or herself to get when they see each other, but she expects them to just know that it is love because it just is. There should be no reason why they feel this way for each other; the love just exists. She is telling this man that she will allow him the time to be with her only if he is able to feel this way, She is aware that love is a difficult thing and it cannot be contrived or controlled and she does not want the love that she experiences to be bent and construed so that it fits the mold of what love should be.
I admire how Browning is taking initiative, and she is not allowing the guy to manipulate the situation, instead she is setting the ground rules and if the guy that is interested cannot meet these standards, he is obviously not the right man for her because the ideal man for her will easily understand these goals.
Browning does not describe love, like the feeling she expects him or herself to get when they see each other, but she expects them to just know that it is love because it just is. There should be no reason why they feel this way for each other; the love just exists. She is telling this man that she will allow him the time to be with her only if he is able to feel this way, She is aware that love is a difficult thing and it cannot be contrived or controlled and she does not want the love that she experiences to be bent and construed so that it fits the mold of what love should be.
I admire how Browning is taking initiative, and she is not allowing the guy to manipulate the situation, instead she is setting the ground rules and if the guy that is interested cannot meet these standards, he is obviously not the right man for her because the ideal man for her will easily understand these goals.
Woman Work (271) Analysis
The speaker of this poem seems to be a slave, as well as, taking on the role of being a caregiver for her own family. She has the responsibility of taking care of everyone in the household, while holding down the entire home. It is her job to take care of everyone else, but she does not have the slightest of time to even think about what she wants out of life.
The first stanza has a rhyming scheme, "children to tend/clothes to mend/ cane to be cut/clean up this hut" (1-12). It is a sing-song approach because she takes on the identity of her chores. The reader does not see her behind the list of things to do, it is just a continuation of the day; sunrise to sunset of her working. The title "Woman Work" is derogatory because it seems that what she does is of little importance, that only a woman, in the eyes of a slave owner, only a woman of color, would be capable of doing such a tedious task because it involves little thinking. However, the work she is doing is the hardest work to do. The title seems to put woman below men, that their status could never be equal to that of a man.
The last three stanzas do not have a rhyme scheme; they instead focus on nature and the elements it includes. This is the speaker's desire to be seen as an individual opposed to the work that she must complete everyday. This could be her inner aspiration to break free of this monotonous lifestyle, and be one with nature and herself and her own thoughts. Nature has no rules or barriers and that is what the speaker wants to experience out of life because she has always had a responsibility and a duty to uphold. "Sun, rain, curving sky/ Mountain, oceans, leaf and stone/ Star shine, moon glow/You're all that I can call my own" (27-30). If she is unable to experience the freedom of work, she at least wants the opportunity to see the beauty of nature unfold and just be.
The first stanza has a rhyming scheme, "children to tend/clothes to mend/ cane to be cut/clean up this hut" (1-12). It is a sing-song approach because she takes on the identity of her chores. The reader does not see her behind the list of things to do, it is just a continuation of the day; sunrise to sunset of her working. The title "Woman Work" is derogatory because it seems that what she does is of little importance, that only a woman, in the eyes of a slave owner, only a woman of color, would be capable of doing such a tedious task because it involves little thinking. However, the work she is doing is the hardest work to do. The title seems to put woman below men, that their status could never be equal to that of a man.
The last three stanzas do not have a rhyme scheme; they instead focus on nature and the elements it includes. This is the speaker's desire to be seen as an individual opposed to the work that she must complete everyday. This could be her inner aspiration to break free of this monotonous lifestyle, and be one with nature and herself and her own thoughts. Nature has no rules or barriers and that is what the speaker wants to experience out of life because she has always had a responsibility and a duty to uphold. "Sun, rain, curving sky/ Mountain, oceans, leaf and stone/ Star shine, moon glow/You're all that I can call my own" (27-30). If she is unable to experience the freedom of work, she at least wants the opportunity to see the beauty of nature unfold and just be.
Woman Work (271) - Devices
Angelou uses repetition of the words "rest," "Til I can rest again/Let me rest tonight" (22-26) to show her exhaustion. It is not that she needs sleep or a nap to give her the energy to continue her work, but the necessity for her body, mind and spirit to be given the opportunity to be at peace. Every day she must follow the mundane schedule of cleaning, cooking, caring, fixing, making - not only for her own family, but it seems for her master's family as well. She wants the earth, from which she came, to give her that peace of mind and that rest that will give her the strength to continue her labor.
Angelou uses the senses of the seasons, having the reader feel the sun, the rain, and the "Cold icy kisses" (25) of the snow. She wants to be freed by these elements of nature. She feels connected to the land because she understands the burden mother nature must hold in providing shelter for all its living creatures. Nature is the only thing she truly feels bonded with "You're all that I can call my own" (30).
By using the repetition and the senses and imagery of nature, the reader is able to understand the stress the speaker must endure since everyday she is held to the same high standards of work.
Angelou uses the senses of the seasons, having the reader feel the sun, the rain, and the "Cold icy kisses" (25) of the snow. She wants to be freed by these elements of nature. She feels connected to the land because she understands the burden mother nature must hold in providing shelter for all its living creatures. Nature is the only thing she truly feels bonded with "You're all that I can call my own" (30).
By using the repetition and the senses and imagery of nature, the reader is able to understand the stress the speaker must endure since everyday she is held to the same high standards of work.
Woman Work (p. 271) - Reflection
This is such a strong and influential poem. Maya Angelou is writing about a subject matter that many people tend to overlook as being a job or being work. The job as mother and caregiver is, in my opinion, the toughest and most demanding role a person could have. They sacrifice so much for their family and it very often goes unnoticed, at times it may seem like a thankless job, however, children that come from a home where they have a mother that really loves and cares for them, know how blessed they are to be so privileged to have a mother who is willing to give and love unconditionally.
Angelou is just trying to have her readers appreciate all the small things that woman must do, the first stanza just focusing on how she must care for the children and the house becomes overwhelming when she is listing everything that must be done in the course of a day. It stretches from tending to the children to picking the cotton; there is never a moment of rest. Seeing the work that must be done, it is amazing how a single person is able to accomplish all the tasks at hand; especially when it is assumed she will not receive any help because it is only mere "woman's work;" when it really should entail an entire an army to complete everything.
The speaker shows her vulnerability "cool my brow again" (line 18) because she is just reinstating that she is only human, and as one person, she can handle only so much; every person has a breaking point where, they too, just need a moment to themselves to regain their thoughts.
I do not think she is resentful toward the work she must complete because she is doing it out of love and selflessness; however, she is making a statement that even though she may only be a woman, and a woman of color, she takes on the workload and the responsibility of a superhero. That even though the chores of a housewife may seem meager, it takes a special, strong and secure woman to maintain such a role.
Angelou is just trying to have her readers appreciate all the small things that woman must do, the first stanza just focusing on how she must care for the children and the house becomes overwhelming when she is listing everything that must be done in the course of a day. It stretches from tending to the children to picking the cotton; there is never a moment of rest. Seeing the work that must be done, it is amazing how a single person is able to accomplish all the tasks at hand; especially when it is assumed she will not receive any help because it is only mere "woman's work;" when it really should entail an entire an army to complete everything.
The speaker shows her vulnerability "cool my brow again" (line 18) because she is just reinstating that she is only human, and as one person, she can handle only so much; every person has a breaking point where, they too, just need a moment to themselves to regain their thoughts.
I do not think she is resentful toward the work she must complete because she is doing it out of love and selflessness; however, she is making a statement that even though she may only be a woman, and a woman of color, she takes on the workload and the responsibility of a superhero. That even though the chores of a housewife may seem meager, it takes a special, strong and secure woman to maintain such a role.
Portrait - theme
James Joyce references flight throughout the duration of his novel. Within the character of Stephen Dedalus, there is always a longing to escape his contrived life in Ireland and project himself into a world where is able to challenge his mind as well as others around him. Stephen identifies as being entrapped in a society that does not understand him, and with every chance they get, they try drawing him in closer to their world with the appearance of good; "The preacher began to speak in a quiet friendly tone. His face was kind and he joined gently the fingers of each hand, forming a frail cage by the union of their tips" (137). Not agreeing with the church and their idea of sin puts Stephen at constant odds. He once believed in their teachings, but through maturation, he was able to conjure his own ideas about life and religion. Although this may not seem like an important action created by the Preacher, he is symbolizing through his hands the entrapment of Stephen. The Preacher is aware of his authority and his influence over Stephen, and he tries using that to "scare" him into accepting the ways of the church opposed to Stephen embracing and accepting that mentality.
By Stephen recognizing a "cage" created by the tips of the Preacher's fingers, it also confirms how he identifies with flight through birds. "An ecstasy of flight made radiant his eyes...His throat ached with a desire to cry aloud, the cry of a hawk or eagle on high, to cry piercingly of his deliverance to the winds. This was the call of life to his soul not the dull gross voice of the world of duties and despair, not the inhuman voice that had called him to the pale service of the altar. An instant of wild flight had delivered him and the cry of triumph which his lips withheld cleft his brain" (183-184). Stephen does not want to escape, he needs to. He recognizes himself as a caged bird that is being held back from his capabilities, being held captive by his own doing because he must take the necessary steps in order to free himself. Through growing and living, he is able to see that he will only accomplish what he limits himself to, if he just frees himself from that captivity, his achievements will be endless. With each new stage of the book, Stephen is breaking further and further away, spreading his wings like Daedalus.
By Stephen recognizing a "cage" created by the tips of the Preacher's fingers, it also confirms how he identifies with flight through birds. "An ecstasy of flight made radiant his eyes...His throat ached with a desire to cry aloud, the cry of a hawk or eagle on high, to cry piercingly of his deliverance to the winds. This was the call of life to his soul not the dull gross voice of the world of duties and despair, not the inhuman voice that had called him to the pale service of the altar. An instant of wild flight had delivered him and the cry of triumph which his lips withheld cleft his brain" (183-184). Stephen does not want to escape, he needs to. He recognizes himself as a caged bird that is being held back from his capabilities, being held captive by his own doing because he must take the necessary steps in order to free himself. Through growing and living, he is able to see that he will only accomplish what he limits himself to, if he just frees himself from that captivity, his achievements will be endless. With each new stage of the book, Stephen is breaking further and further away, spreading his wings like Daedalus.
Friday, March 28, 2008
Portrait-quote
"Her image had passed into his soul for ever and no word had broken the holy silence of his ecstasy. Her eyes had called him and his soul had leaped at the call. To live, to err, to fall, to triumph, to recreate life out of life!" (186)
This is one of the turning points for Stephen; a poignant revelation for him to recognize his calling to become a writer for his deep appreciation for words, language and beauty. A random girl wading in the water ignited a fire within his soul. In this passage, Stephen was capable of seeing the beauty of life, and a young, innocent girl made him realize the purity that love and women can possess. She was no longer an object of lust or desire that generated sinful thoughts, instead she was a mere person that evoked natural, untouched beauty.
As the scene continues, it becomes evident that Stephen is undergoing a life altering experience; a rebirth from the ground and world that produces his inspiration; he mentions awakening from "languor of sleep" (187) and it is from this sleep that a new outlook toward life was formed. He is enjoying each sensation and sense, and with that appreciation he is transforming into a matured man and artist. This sleep is allowing him to finally see magnificence of natural beauty, and how as an author, those beautiful images make all the difference.
He is recreating his own "life out of life." The only way for him to flourish as a writer is to accept and acknowledge the beauty within everything, and this clarifying moment allows him to realize that he will be capable of reaching his potential as a writer.
As Joyce is describing the experience, he uses words like "leaped" and "ecstacy" and this just shows Stephen's eagerness to start his journey in becoming one of the great writers he has always envied and admired.
This is one of the turning points for Stephen; a poignant revelation for him to recognize his calling to become a writer for his deep appreciation for words, language and beauty. A random girl wading in the water ignited a fire within his soul. In this passage, Stephen was capable of seeing the beauty of life, and a young, innocent girl made him realize the purity that love and women can possess. She was no longer an object of lust or desire that generated sinful thoughts, instead she was a mere person that evoked natural, untouched beauty.
As the scene continues, it becomes evident that Stephen is undergoing a life altering experience; a rebirth from the ground and world that produces his inspiration; he mentions awakening from "languor of sleep" (187) and it is from this sleep that a new outlook toward life was formed. He is enjoying each sensation and sense, and with that appreciation he is transforming into a matured man and artist. This sleep is allowing him to finally see magnificence of natural beauty, and how as an author, those beautiful images make all the difference.
He is recreating his own "life out of life." The only way for him to flourish as a writer is to accept and acknowledge the beauty within everything, and this clarifying moment allows him to realize that he will be capable of reaching his potential as a writer.
As Joyce is describing the experience, he uses words like "leaped" and "ecstacy" and this just shows Stephen's eagerness to start his journey in becoming one of the great writers he has always envied and admired.
Wednesday, March 26, 2008
Portrait - Reflection
A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is unlike any book I have ever read. James Joyce truly focused on the stream of consciousness within a person and how each thought process is different and beautiful. This novel was challenging because opposed to becoming easier as it continued, it instead, became more complex and intricate, and its form and material became increasingly advanced. There were numerous occasions where I would have to re-read a paragraph to try and grasp what his message was. Because Stephen was maturing as a man, writer and artist, his writing mirrored that transformation, and Joyce utilized his growth by evolving his writing and the concepts he would question and philosophize about.
Originally I really enjoyed the novel because it was different and the structure was interesting because it just jumped from each thought that Stephen had. For instance, the opening paragraphs he skips from telling a childhood story, to singing a song, to wetting the bed, and to the smell of his mother (3); with each new memory, it triggers another impacting moment in his life, and with little to no transition, he starts discussing that occasion. And once he was done, he would pick up from where he previously left off.
As the book continued, I did not lose my appreciation for it, however, it became ever more challenging because the subject matter was becoming more in-depth. No longer were Stephen (as well as Joyce's) points of emphasis on the surface, but rather made to look further into the writing. He desperately wanted the readers to see the true and natural beauty hidden in everything, and he was not willing to lower his standards for the average reader.
Overall, I enjoyed Joyce's novel because of its unique style and its challenging nature. It demonstrated that the societal norms do not have to be accepted, and an individual is capable of testing the waters around him and achieving his inner potential.
Originally I really enjoyed the novel because it was different and the structure was interesting because it just jumped from each thought that Stephen had. For instance, the opening paragraphs he skips from telling a childhood story, to singing a song, to wetting the bed, and to the smell of his mother (3); with each new memory, it triggers another impacting moment in his life, and with little to no transition, he starts discussing that occasion. And once he was done, he would pick up from where he previously left off.
As the book continued, I did not lose my appreciation for it, however, it became ever more challenging because the subject matter was becoming more in-depth. No longer were Stephen (as well as Joyce's) points of emphasis on the surface, but rather made to look further into the writing. He desperately wanted the readers to see the true and natural beauty hidden in everything, and he was not willing to lower his standards for the average reader.
Overall, I enjoyed Joyce's novel because of its unique style and its challenging nature. It demonstrated that the societal norms do not have to be accepted, and an individual is capable of testing the waters around him and achieving his inner potential.
Sunday, January 27, 2008
Heart of Darkness-quote
"I was within a hair’s-breadth of the last opportunity for pronouncement, and I found with humiliation that probably I would have nothing to say. This is the reason why I affirm that Kurtz was a remarkable man. He had something to say. He said it. . . . He had summed up—he had judged. ‘The horror!’ He was a remarkable man"
This quote was striking because even after all Marlow had endured with Kurtz, he still immortalized him. Just the fact that Kurtz had something to say in the eyes of death, made him 'remarkable' in the presence of Marlow. Marlow will never truly know or understand the the meaning behind Kurtz's last words, but he is envious of the idea that Kurtz still had enough spunk to make such a statement in such dire times.
Marlow is not even capable of telling Kurtz's intended his actual last words, for fear of her feelings, or perhaps for the fear for the truth behind the words.
By Kurtz making such a statement, he once again solidified his mark as a phantom, a mere voice or puzzle in the mind of Marlow. Marlow was never really able to view Kurtz as an equal, he always represented that inner voice of reason, Kurtz rested deep within Marlow's soul, and because of that, Marlow will be forever connected with Kurtz even through death. Kurtz always wanted to be considered and be a god, and now with his final statement, he would get his wish and live for eternity with the help of Marlow.
Even in death, Kurtz has more of an influence than most people living.
This quote was striking because even after all Marlow had endured with Kurtz, he still immortalized him. Just the fact that Kurtz had something to say in the eyes of death, made him 'remarkable' in the presence of Marlow. Marlow will never truly know or understand the the meaning behind Kurtz's last words, but he is envious of the idea that Kurtz still had enough spunk to make such a statement in such dire times.
Marlow is not even capable of telling Kurtz's intended his actual last words, for fear of her feelings, or perhaps for the fear for the truth behind the words.
By Kurtz making such a statement, he once again solidified his mark as a phantom, a mere voice or puzzle in the mind of Marlow. Marlow was never really able to view Kurtz as an equal, he always represented that inner voice of reason, Kurtz rested deep within Marlow's soul, and because of that, Marlow will be forever connected with Kurtz even through death. Kurtz always wanted to be considered and be a god, and now with his final statement, he would get his wish and live for eternity with the help of Marlow.
Even in death, Kurtz has more of an influence than most people living.
Heart of Darkness-symbol
When Marlow is on the steamer, he encounters endless amounts of fog, fog that entraps the men and the steamer. Marlow and the crewmen are surrounded by the fog, unable to make out anything or decipher friend from foe. The fog represented Marlow's mental state, and his inability to make a decisive decision regarding Kurtz, as well as, his own essence as a person.
The fog allowed him to make judgments about situations, however, it was too blinding to reveal the right answer. The path to take was unclear, similar to how he was unable to determine if he was guiding the steamer into open water or danger. Fog generally symbolizes confusion, and Marlow falls victim to this. The savages attacking represents Marlow's internal struggle for conflicting thoughts on Kurtz and his acceptance of his internal evil. Not only is he battling with right and wrong, he is fighting for life and death. Subconsciously, Marlow knows the decision he makes about Kurtz will determine his existence as an individual, and the confusion or fog Marlow encounters is also a brief moment of clarity because he knows the severity of his choice.
Since Marlow's arrival he has been confused and unsure - dealing from the treatment of the natives, cannibals and pilgrims - what originally seemed wrong, was now being justified as right; like his original perception of Kurtz. He believed him to be this awe-inspiring, self-creating legend, when in truth, he was insecure, insane, and immoral. The fog created was almost self-imposed because of Marlow's instability as a person. Had he been firm in his own beliefs and convictions on right and wrong he would not have faced such a conflicting situation with Kurtz, but because of this, he was able to become stronger and better for it.
The fog allowed him to make judgments about situations, however, it was too blinding to reveal the right answer. The path to take was unclear, similar to how he was unable to determine if he was guiding the steamer into open water or danger. Fog generally symbolizes confusion, and Marlow falls victim to this. The savages attacking represents Marlow's internal struggle for conflicting thoughts on Kurtz and his acceptance of his internal evil. Not only is he battling with right and wrong, he is fighting for life and death. Subconsciously, Marlow knows the decision he makes about Kurtz will determine his existence as an individual, and the confusion or fog Marlow encounters is also a brief moment of clarity because he knows the severity of his choice.
Since Marlow's arrival he has been confused and unsure - dealing from the treatment of the natives, cannibals and pilgrims - what originally seemed wrong, was now being justified as right; like his original perception of Kurtz. He believed him to be this awe-inspiring, self-creating legend, when in truth, he was insecure, insane, and immoral. The fog created was almost self-imposed because of Marlow's instability as a person. Had he been firm in his own beliefs and convictions on right and wrong he would not have faced such a conflicting situation with Kurtz, but because of this, he was able to become stronger and better for it.
Heart of Darkness-opinion
Although HEART OF DARKNESS is not my taste of books, I really enjoyed the way Conrad depicted the inner evil that exists within all of us. The idea that if any of us are challenged with the conditions that Kurtz had to endure, would we be any different in our thinking and convictions.
In class we discussed sanity and the lack thereof, and whether or not Kurtz was sane because he fully believed in what he was doing, but then again, don't all crazy people believe that what they are doing makes sense and is just with their reasoning for their actions? Kurtz, in my opinion, was insane and he believed in his methods because he was crazy, and he was able to rationalize his absurdness because of his vast intelligence. Kurtz was incredibly interesting and he made the book more intriguing because you could not understand how a man with so much knowledge and talent was able to cross over to such a dark and menacing way of thinking. It reminded me of LORD OF THE FLIES because the boys changed with their environment, but perhaps they were just reverting back to their primal and instinctive evil, the same evil Kurtz embodied.
Marlow was also captivated by Kurtz, just like the countless other men Kurtz encountered. Marlow too is tested by Kurtz's evil, however, he is able to overcome such a temptation. Conrad was portraying how easy it is to be sucked into the inner evil and darkness of the soul, but it takes a strong and determined person to recognize such a flaw and bypass the appeal and see it for what it truly is, and that is evil. And in the end, the evil will win and overtake every essence of your body, thus Kurtz's last cry of "The Horror! The Horror!"
In class we discussed sanity and the lack thereof, and whether or not Kurtz was sane because he fully believed in what he was doing, but then again, don't all crazy people believe that what they are doing makes sense and is just with their reasoning for their actions? Kurtz, in my opinion, was insane and he believed in his methods because he was crazy, and he was able to rationalize his absurdness because of his vast intelligence. Kurtz was incredibly interesting and he made the book more intriguing because you could not understand how a man with so much knowledge and talent was able to cross over to such a dark and menacing way of thinking. It reminded me of LORD OF THE FLIES because the boys changed with their environment, but perhaps they were just reverting back to their primal and instinctive evil, the same evil Kurtz embodied.
Marlow was also captivated by Kurtz, just like the countless other men Kurtz encountered. Marlow too is tested by Kurtz's evil, however, he is able to overcome such a temptation. Conrad was portraying how easy it is to be sucked into the inner evil and darkness of the soul, but it takes a strong and determined person to recognize such a flaw and bypass the appeal and see it for what it truly is, and that is evil. And in the end, the evil will win and overtake every essence of your body, thus Kurtz's last cry of "The Horror! The Horror!"
Invisible Man-quote
"I am standing puzzled, unable to decide whether the veil is really being lifted, or lowered more firmly in place..." (36).
This quote just reiterates the common theme in INVISIBLE MAN that as soon as the narrator starts to believe that he, as well as black society, is making a positive progress, there is another wrench thrown in the problem. The narrator starts questioning the intentions as well as the results of black leaders as well as philanthropic whites (Norton).
The narrator is starting to wonder if society is vigorously trying to keep him down as well as others like him, that they do not want men like the narrator to prosper, but instead give him the illusion of contributing to society when in reality they are just having him run around in circles.
It is an endless cycle for the narrator. As soon as he takes one step forward, he feels as though he is going three steps back; he is being distracted by false hopes and promises and being misled by men he thought he could trust. The veil represents this mentality, that everything is just an illusion, a deceptive exterior wanting to pull in the narrator and many like him only to blind them further.
Society wants men like the narrator to believe they are making a difference and have a voice that carries through to deaf ears; however, they are just prolonging the system of keeping them down and forcing them to live a life of confusion and suppression.
White society wants to the keep the narrator and the black race blinded and unaware of their own potential, promise and capability, and they are using black and white people alike to achieve such a goal. Instead of the veil being lifted for the black race to see the truth, it is being forced down, keeping them with their unseeing eyes.
This quote just reiterates the common theme in INVISIBLE MAN that as soon as the narrator starts to believe that he, as well as black society, is making a positive progress, there is another wrench thrown in the problem. The narrator starts questioning the intentions as well as the results of black leaders as well as philanthropic whites (Norton).
The narrator is starting to wonder if society is vigorously trying to keep him down as well as others like him, that they do not want men like the narrator to prosper, but instead give him the illusion of contributing to society when in reality they are just having him run around in circles.
It is an endless cycle for the narrator. As soon as he takes one step forward, he feels as though he is going three steps back; he is being distracted by false hopes and promises and being misled by men he thought he could trust. The veil represents this mentality, that everything is just an illusion, a deceptive exterior wanting to pull in the narrator and many like him only to blind them further.
Society wants men like the narrator to believe they are making a difference and have a voice that carries through to deaf ears; however, they are just prolonging the system of keeping them down and forcing them to live a life of confusion and suppression.
White society wants to the keep the narrator and the black race blinded and unaware of their own potential, promise and capability, and they are using black and white people alike to achieve such a goal. Instead of the veil being lifted for the black race to see the truth, it is being forced down, keeping them with their unseeing eyes.
Invisible Man-symbol
The usage of color, especially black and white, became quite apparent throughout the novel. Almost on every page you could spot a subtle instance when a black and white reference was being made. However, the chapter that dealt with Liberty Paints was an instance where Ellison was being perfectly blatant with this mention of color.
Liberty Paints was a direct correlation to the treatment of diverse races in American or white society. "Optic White" is supremacist over all paints, however, in order to concoct such a pure and perfect color, it must be blended with many other dark and distasteful chemicals. But once those substances are added, the mixture produces a flawless white color, hiding any trace of the existing darker colors.
This Optic White paint parallels the world in which Ellison's narrator lives because the components that go into creating it are overlooked, just as the black workers at Liberty Paints are disregarded and they are the ones responsible for generating the products. The minorities are responsible for the flow of society, because of them, things get done; however, they never receive the recognition or appreciation for their work, instead they are glossed over to paint a nicer and more appealing picture.
Optic White paints the idea that it can cover any stain or imperfection; it is so consuming and overwhelming and it ceases to recognize the beauty in diversity. Society, like the paint, is trying to cover the distinctiveness of the black culture; hoping that over time, the identity of the black race will be erased, and their blemish on society can be overcome.
Liberty Paints was a direct correlation to the treatment of diverse races in American or white society. "Optic White" is supremacist over all paints, however, in order to concoct such a pure and perfect color, it must be blended with many other dark and distasteful chemicals. But once those substances are added, the mixture produces a flawless white color, hiding any trace of the existing darker colors.
This Optic White paint parallels the world in which Ellison's narrator lives because the components that go into creating it are overlooked, just as the black workers at Liberty Paints are disregarded and they are the ones responsible for generating the products. The minorities are responsible for the flow of society, because of them, things get done; however, they never receive the recognition or appreciation for their work, instead they are glossed over to paint a nicer and more appealing picture.
Optic White paints the idea that it can cover any stain or imperfection; it is so consuming and overwhelming and it ceases to recognize the beauty in diversity. Society, like the paint, is trying to cover the distinctiveness of the black culture; hoping that over time, the identity of the black race will be erased, and their blemish on society can be overcome.
Invisible Man-opinion
INVISIBLE MAN is not a book I would have chosen to read on my own because there are so many hidden meanings and underlying messages and themes; it most certainly is not an easy read.
I appreciated this book because it talked about racism and the understated and overlooked aspects of it. Ellison wrote about the instances that illuminate racism and prejudice and the feelings of inferiority. The opening prologue (where the man does not see the narrator) and the Battle Royale scene are equal in their demeaning nature. Although one scene was more graphic and violent than the other, the intentions, as seen by Ellison, are two of the same. Refusing to see the injustice, and being the one that enforces it, are both despicable and equally demoralizing, and should be held equally accountable for their actions.
Another good feature to Ellison's writing, is his acknowledgement that everyone is at fault for these problems, black and white alike. That both sides are guilty for causing the inequalities that are endured by the black race. He mentions how each moment of allowance, passiveness and ignorance attribute to such differences in society, that because of the submissiveness of the black race and the foolishness of the white population, the distinction of the two races is so dramatic.
Ellison does not place the blame on one specific instance or event or person, but on people as a whole, and the overall moments that created such a situation. As a reader, I respected his thinking and approach on these issues and appreciated his overall message and writing.
I appreciated this book because it talked about racism and the understated and overlooked aspects of it. Ellison wrote about the instances that illuminate racism and prejudice and the feelings of inferiority. The opening prologue (where the man does not see the narrator) and the Battle Royale scene are equal in their demeaning nature. Although one scene was more graphic and violent than the other, the intentions, as seen by Ellison, are two of the same. Refusing to see the injustice, and being the one that enforces it, are both despicable and equally demoralizing, and should be held equally accountable for their actions.
Another good feature to Ellison's writing, is his acknowledgement that everyone is at fault for these problems, black and white alike. That both sides are guilty for causing the inequalities that are endured by the black race. He mentions how each moment of allowance, passiveness and ignorance attribute to such differences in society, that because of the submissiveness of the black race and the foolishness of the white population, the distinction of the two races is so dramatic.
Ellison does not place the blame on one specific instance or event or person, but on people as a whole, and the overall moments that created such a situation. As a reader, I respected his thinking and approach on these issues and appreciated his overall message and writing.
Player Piano-passage
The scene that resonated with me was toward the end of the novel when Proteus, Finnerty, Lasher and von Neumann had created the uprising in Illium and they finally thought things would be different, that people would challenge themselves and want to create a better society for future generations. However, they soon realize that people are more comfortable sticking to what they are used to and familiar with, i.e. machinery and technology, then producing a system that is different. When a young-teenaged-boy is more interested in finding an "eighth horsepower electric motor," then exploring his boundaries in the new Illium, the four men realize that their original intentions and goals for society will not be reached.
If their own youth, their sole reasoning for wanting to create a better tomorrow, is unable to recognize opportunity when it lies right in front of their eyes, they know they have been betrayed, not by the machines, but by their own people and race. The people of Illium immediately resorted back to the ways that had plagued them since they could remember, but when they had the chance to gain a new understanding to life, they reverted back to the status quo of Illium.
Change is scary because it rests in the unknown; it is unpredictable how things are going to work out in the end, but that is the excitement of life. However, because these people have been so accustomed to a certain routine, they do not know how to challenge and accept the change that they face.
Paul, Finnerty, Lasher and von Neumann were disappointed by their own people, having them betray their progressive ideas. Although it did not spark the revolution they had intended, they were able to have hope that future generations could take advantage of this occurrence and really make a difference.
If their own youth, their sole reasoning for wanting to create a better tomorrow, is unable to recognize opportunity when it lies right in front of their eyes, they know they have been betrayed, not by the machines, but by their own people and race. The people of Illium immediately resorted back to the ways that had plagued them since they could remember, but when they had the chance to gain a new understanding to life, they reverted back to the status quo of Illium.
Change is scary because it rests in the unknown; it is unpredictable how things are going to work out in the end, but that is the excitement of life. However, because these people have been so accustomed to a certain routine, they do not know how to challenge and accept the change that they face.
Paul, Finnerty, Lasher and von Neumann were disappointed by their own people, having them betray their progressive ideas. Although it did not spark the revolution they had intended, they were able to have hope that future generations could take advantage of this occurrence and really make a difference.
Friday, January 18, 2008
Player Piano-theme
A reoccurring theme throughout was the idea that human activity could be easily replaced by machines. Although the book seemed drastic and exaggerated in its usage of machinery, it actually magnified all the machinery and technology we use throughout our daily lives. Machines are replacing people. There is no longer a need to have human contact with anyone any more, anything that you may need to accomplish can be achieved at the privacy of your home without having to see a single person throughout the entirety of the day.
We have become so dependent on machines and technology, that we sometimes forget how to do the simple things in life. It's almost scary how much we depend on calculators, the Internet, phones and computers. Some kids cannot even get through a day without checking their MySpace page or updating their facebook. Books like PLAYER PIANO seem extreme, but machines are gradually replacing our ability to think. At times, just having the "right" answer is all that matters, and not the path and creativity used to get there. Everything becomes so structured and there are so many guidelines that when we are challenged with something that forces us to think outside the box and use our own intuition we fear it. At times thinking on our own isn't natural for us because we are so accustomed to having outside sources aid us. What should be so easy, making decisions for ourselves, is one of the hardest challenges because that is where the greatest risk lies; but, when we abandon responsibility for ourselves and depend on the advancement of technology to further us we feel safer.
We notice the human element being lost during Vonnegut's writing, the loss of beauty, art and life. This premise just makes us reflect upon ourselves and realize that at times we are not too far away from the mentality of Vonnegut's characters; but, we have the power to change that and challenge the system.
We have become so dependent on machines and technology, that we sometimes forget how to do the simple things in life. It's almost scary how much we depend on calculators, the Internet, phones and computers. Some kids cannot even get through a day without checking their MySpace page or updating their facebook. Books like PLAYER PIANO seem extreme, but machines are gradually replacing our ability to think. At times, just having the "right" answer is all that matters, and not the path and creativity used to get there. Everything becomes so structured and there are so many guidelines that when we are challenged with something that forces us to think outside the box and use our own intuition we fear it. At times thinking on our own isn't natural for us because we are so accustomed to having outside sources aid us. What should be so easy, making decisions for ourselves, is one of the hardest challenges because that is where the greatest risk lies; but, when we abandon responsibility for ourselves and depend on the advancement of technology to further us we feel safer.
We notice the human element being lost during Vonnegut's writing, the loss of beauty, art and life. This premise just makes us reflect upon ourselves and realize that at times we are not too far away from the mentality of Vonnegut's characters; but, we have the power to change that and challenge the system.
Thursday, January 17, 2008
Player Piano-opinion
Vonnegut's PLAYER PIANO is not a work that I would read on my own. It is not a book that I was able to connect with, and maybe that was partially intended for not all the characters to connect with the readers because of the disengagement created by technology and machines.
I did appreciate Kurt Vonnegut's writing style. For instance, when he would emphasize a point regarding the overtaking of machines, he would use lists to illuminate their overwhelming nature. He also did this at the end of the book when he was detailing the destruction created after the big blow out with Finnerty, Proteus and the other key men against the higher powers of society, he listed everything that laid strewn upon the ground, all the gadgets and thingamajigs that are now useless in the eyes of these "doctors", but incredibly valuable to the people of "lesser intelligence" who think for themselves and create things with their hands instead of relying on computers to do the simplest of tasks.
Even with all the chaos and destruction that was occurring at the end of the novel, Vonnegut kept the structure of his main character; keeping his mental lists alphabetized despite the ongoing rebellion.
It was interesting how Vonnegut poked fun at the potential future of our society, that even with Proteus trying to create an uprising, structure and order are what seem to matter most, and that even with the greatest efforts, not all goals and ideals will be accomplished, and people will ultimately root back to the normality's and comforts of society, even if what they are used to is suppressing and corrupt.
I did appreciate Kurt Vonnegut's writing style. For instance, when he would emphasize a point regarding the overtaking of machines, he would use lists to illuminate their overwhelming nature. He also did this at the end of the book when he was detailing the destruction created after the big blow out with Finnerty, Proteus and the other key men against the higher powers of society, he listed everything that laid strewn upon the ground, all the gadgets and thingamajigs that are now useless in the eyes of these "doctors", but incredibly valuable to the people of "lesser intelligence" who think for themselves and create things with their hands instead of relying on computers to do the simplest of tasks.
Even with all the chaos and destruction that was occurring at the end of the novel, Vonnegut kept the structure of his main character; keeping his mental lists alphabetized despite the ongoing rebellion.
It was interesting how Vonnegut poked fun at the potential future of our society, that even with Proteus trying to create an uprising, structure and order are what seem to matter most, and that even with the greatest efforts, not all goals and ideals will be accomplished, and people will ultimately root back to the normality's and comforts of society, even if what they are used to is suppressing and corrupt.
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